Assignment 6: ASSOCIATIVE AND PREDICTIVE ANALYSES

1. Determine if there is a relationship between whether or not the respondent watches local TV news and whether or not a respondent subscribes to City Magazine. If there is a relationship, how do you interpret it?

There is a significant relationship between whether or not the respondent watches local TV news and whether or not a respondent subscribes to City Magazine. All of the respondents who are subscribed to City Magazine (100%) watch the local TV news (100%). Of those who do not have a subscription to City Magazine 79.9% watch local news and 20.1% do not watch local TV news.

2. Determine if there is a relationship between the gender of the respondent and whether or not they subscribe to City Magazine. If there is a relationship, how do you interpret it?

There is no significant relationship between the gender of the respondent and whether or not they subscribe to City Magazine because the number is greater than .05.

3. Determine if there is a relationship between gender of the respondent and whether or not the respondent listens to the radio, watches local TV news, and reads the newspaper. How do you interpret the three tests?

There is no significant relationship between gender of the respondent and whether or not the respondent listens to the radio because the number is greater than .05.There is no significant relationship between gender of the respondent and whether or not the respondent watches local TV news because the number is greater than .05.There is no significant relationship between gender of the respondent and whether or not the respondent and reads the newspaper because the number is greater than .05.

4. Is there a relationship among residents’ preferences for waterfront view, location, a formal wait staff, unusual desserts, a large variety of entrees, unusual entrees, simple décor, elegant décor, a string quartet, and a jazz combo? If there are any relationships, how do you interpret them?

There is a moderate negative relationship among those who:

Prefer drive less than 30 minutes and prefer waterfront view (-.805)
Prefer formal wait staff wearing tuxedos and prefer waterfront view (-7.88)
Prefer large variety of entrees and prefer waterfront view (-.795)
Prefer unusual entrees and prefer waterfront view (-.782)
Prefer elegant décor and prefer waterfront view (-.792)
Prefer string quartet and prefer waterfront view (-.792)
Prefer jazz combo and prefer string quartet (-.620)
Prefer simple décor and prefer driving less than 30 minutes (-.793)

There is a moderate positive relationship among those who:

Prefer formal wait staff wearing tuxedos and prefer drive less than 30 minutes (.799)
Prefer unusual desserts and prefer drive less than 30 minutes (.768)
Prefer large variety of entrees and drive less than 30 minutes (.806)
Prefer unusual entrees and drive less than 30 minutes (.765)
Prefer simple décor and prefer waterfront view (.780)
Prefer jazz combo and prefer waterfront view (.645)
Prefer string quartet and prefer drive less than 30 minutes (.788)
Prefer large variety of entrees and prefer string quartet (.747)

There is a strong positive relationship among those who:

Prefer unusual desserts and prefer formal wait staff wearing tuxedos (.891)
Prefer large variety of entrees and prefer formal wait staff wearing tuxedos (.845)
Prefer unusual entrees and prefer formal wait staff wearing tuxedos (.878)
Prefer elegant décor and prefer formal wait staff wearing tuxedos (.909)
Prefer string quartet and prefer formal wait staff wearing tuxedos (.816)
Prefer elegant décor and prefer drive less than 30 minutes (.819)
Prefer unusual desserts and prefer large variety of entrees (.823)
Prefer unusual entrees and Prefer unusual desserts (.868)
Prefer elegant décor and Prefer unusual desserts (.874)
Prefer string quartet and Prefer unusual desserts (.841)
Prefer unusual entrees and prefer large variety of entrees (.831)
Prefer elegant décor and prefer large variety of entrees (.830)
Prefer unusual entrees and prefer elegant décor (.869)
Prefer string quartet and prefer unusual entrees (.832)
Prefer string quartet and prefer elegant décor (.843)

There is a strong negative relationship among those who:

Prefer simple décor and prefer formal wait staff wearing tuxedos (-.876)
Prefer simple décor and prefer unusual desserts (-.891)
Prefer simple décor and prefer large varieties of entrees (-.815)
Prefer simple décor and prefer unusual entrees (-.889)
Prefer simple décor and prefer elegant décor (-.884)
Prefer simple décor and prefer string quartet (-.843)

There is a weak negative relationship among those who:

Prefer drive less than 30 minutes and prefer jazz combo (-.532)
Prefer formal wait staff wearing tuxedos and prefer jazz combo (-.554)
Prefer unusual desserts and prefer jazz combo (-.567)
Prefer large variety of entrees and prefer jazz combo (-.497)
Prefer unusual entrees and prefer jazz combo (-.545)
Prefer simple décor and prefer jazz combo (-.573)
Prefer elegant décor and prefer jazz combo (-.549)

5. Can you predict the how much residents would expect to pay for an average evening meal entrée based on the amount of money the person normally spends per month in restaurants? If so, what is the 95% confidence level for how much residents would expect to pay for an average evening meal entrée if they normally spend $100 per month in restaurants?

The model fits because the number is significant which means you can predict how much residents would expect to pay for an average evening meal entrée based on the amount of money the person normally spends per month in restaurants.With a 95% confidence level 77.1% of the variance in how much residents would expect to pay for an average evening meal entrée is explained by the amount of money the person normally spends per month in restaurants.

Y=a+bx. No a. Y=bx. Y=.110(100). Y=11.

11 +_ 1.96(4.71).

11+1.96(4.71) = 20.2316. upper=$20.23

11- 1.96(4.71) = 1.7684. lower=$1.78

With a 95% confidence level residents would expect to pay between $1.78 and $20.23 for an average evening meal entrée if they normally spend $100 per month in restaurants.

6. Can you predict the how much residents would expect to pay for an average evening meal entrée based on how likely the person is to want to patronize the new, upscale restaurant? If so, what is the 95% confidence level for how much residents would expect to pay for an average evening meal entrée if they were very unlikely to want to patronize the new restaurant? What is the 95% confidence level for how much residents would expect to pay for an average evening meal entrée if they were very likely to want to patronize the new restaurant?

The model fits because the number is significant which means you can predict how much resident would expect to pay for an average evening meal entrée based on how likely the person is to want to patronize the new, upscale restaurant.With a 95% confidence level 70.2% of the variance for how much residents would expect to pay for an average evening meal entrée is explained by if they were very unlikely to want to patronize the new restaurant.With a 95% confidence level 70.2% of the variance for how much residents would expect to pay for an average evening meal entrée is explained by if they were very likely to want to patronize the new restaurant.

Y=a+bx.

Y=-7.641+7.966(1). Y=0.325. 0.325 +_ 1.96 ($5.37).

0.325 +1.96 ($5.37)=10.8502.

0.325-1.96 ($5.37)=-10.2002.

($10.20, $10.85)

Y=-7.641+7.966(5). Y=32.189. 32.189. +_ 1.96 ($5.37).

32.189+ 1.96 ($5.37)=42.7142.

32.189-1.96 ($5.37)=21.6638.

($21.66, $42.71)

With a 95% confidence level residents would expect to pay between $10.20 and $10.85 for an average evening meal entrée if they were very unlikely to want to patronize the new restaurant.With a 95% confidence level residents would expect to pay between $21.66 and $42.71 for an average evening meal entrée if they were very likely to want to patronize the new restaurant.

INFERENCE AND DIFFERENCE ANALYSES

Please answer the following questions by using SPSS and the file SAV

 You may want to begin by specifying the type of analyses which you would utilize to answer the question(s). 

For all questions, attach the corresponding output from SPSS.

1. Assuming a 95% level of confidence, determine the population estimate for how much the residents of the metropolitan area would expect to spend per month in restaurants for meals only.

The population mean is $150.05 expected spending per month at a 95% level of confidence.

2. Assuming a 99% level of confidence, estimate how likely the population of the metropolitan area would be to patronize a new, upscale restaurant as described in question 4.

At 99% level of confidence they are, neither likely nor unlikely, to patronize a new, upscale restaurant.

3. Among those who are “very likely” to patronize The Hobbit’s Choice Restaurant, the owner believes that they will either “very strongly” or “somewhat” prefer each of the following: waitstaff with tuxedos, unusual desserts, large variety of entrees, unusual entrees, elegant décor and jazz combo music. Does the data support these hypotheses? (Hint: You must select cases (Likely=5) before testing the hypotheses.)

The Data supports all of these hypotheses but one: (Very strongly prefer =5, and Somewhat prefer =4, so a mean bt 4 and 5 would support the hypothesis)

Waitstaff w/ tuxedos: 4.68 mean

Unusual desserts: 4.54 mean

Large variety of entrees: 4.51mean

Unusual entrees: 4.58 mean

Elegant décor: 4.50 mean

Jazz combo music: 2.60 mean; therefore, this segment is NOT supported by the hypothesis. They reported they would “Somewhat not prefer” or “Neither prefer nor not prefer” jazz combo music.

4. Is there a difference between radio listeners and non-listeners in their likelihood of patronizing the new, upscale restaurant? Viewers and non-viewer’s of local TV news? Readers and non-readers of the newspaper? Assume a 99% confidence level for all three tests.
   
   
   Yes, there is a difference bt radio listeners and non-listeners as well as bt viewers and non-viewers of TV news, but the mean was the same for readers and non-readers of the newspaper.
   Radio Listeners- 3.03mean: Neither Likely Nor Unlikley
   Non-Listeners- 2.20mean: Somewhat Unlikely
   TV News Viewers- 3.22mean: Neither Likely Nor Unlikley
   Non Viewers- 1.25mean: Very Unlikley
   Readers and Non Readers – 3.00 and 3.05mean: Neither Likely Nor Unlikley

5. Is there a difference in metropolitan residents’ preference for simple décor and elegant décor? For unusual desserts and unusual entrees? Assume a 95% confidence level for both tests.

Yes, Simple Décor has a mean of 3.58 – showing it is somewhat preferred while Elegant Décor has a mean of 2.33 showing residents said it is somewhat not preferred.

6. Does the likelihood of patronizing the new upscale restaurant differ among metropolitan residents based on their level of education, marital status, or household income? Assume a 95% confidence level for all three tests.

Yes, all three demographic questions have varying means.

Level of Education:

Less than highschool 1.36

Some highschool 1.07

Highschool grad 1.29

Some college 1.14

• The less educated segments are all very unlikely

Associate degree 2.43

• This level is somewhat unlikely

Bachelor’s degree 3.22

Master’s degree 3.44

Doctorate degree 4.44

• The remaining higher educated respondents are neither likely nor unlikely and the Doctorates somewhat likely.

Marital Status:

Single 2.90

Married 3.03

Other 3.03

• Marital status didn’t affect the likelihood very much, all were Neither Likely not Unlikely

Household Income:

<$15,000 1.23

$15,000-24,999 1.15

• Lower incomes are very unlikely

$25,000-49,999 2.68

$50,000-74,999 2.74

• Mid range are Neither Likely nor Unlikely

$75,000-99,999 4.00

$100,000-149,999 4.56

$150,000 + 4.33

• Uppper incomes vary bt Somewhat Likely and Very Likely

SPSS Assignment - Psychology

Suppose a researcher was interested in studying the differences between males and females in SMS text messaging usage. To test whether there was a difference in text messaging between genders; the researcher took a random sample of 100 students at State University Tech (50 males and 50 females). 

He provided these students with a survey that asked questions such as 1) do you have a cell phone; 2) do you have a plan that includes text messaging, 3) are you limited in the number of text messages you can sent per month, etc. After getting this information, the researcher excluded participants that did not have cell phones, did not have plans that allowed for text messaging, and those people with plans that limited the number of text messages.

 He did this to control as many variables as he could as to not confound (mess up) his experiment. After weeding out participants, his final sample consisted of 25 females and 25 males (N = 50).

To begin the experiment the researcher asked each participant to count the number of text messages they send for 4 weeks (1 month). This was the researcher’s dependent variable. He received the information from each participant and placed the data into SPSS. The data are on blackboard under “Assignments” under the file name test message data for SPSS assignment. Use SPSS to calculate the appropriate statistical test for the given data set. Write up your results as you would in a scientific, peer-reviewed journal. The write up should be in APA format and include, at least, the obtained value, the significance level, and the interpretation of the significance level.

T-TEST 

Assume an experimenter is interested in determining the effects of an early intervention program on the overall verbal skills of a group of underprivileged children. The experimenter randomly assigns children into one of two groups: aggressive, early intervention, and passive, early intervention. After being on the program for six months, the children are administered an achievement test. Now you must determine if there is a difference between the results of the two intervention programs based on achievement test scores. Further, you must decide which intervention led to higher scores (if there was a difference between the interventions). The data are on blackboard under “Assignments” under the file name achievement test scores for SPSS assignment.

Use SPSS to calculate the appropriate statistical test for the given data set. Write up your results as you would in a scientific, peer-reviewed journal. The write up should be in APA format and include, at least, the obtained value, the significance level, and the interpretation of the significance level.

CORRELATION 

A researcher wishes to test part of the Addictive Personality theory, that individuals addicted in one area tend to be addicted in other areas. Specifically, the researcher wants to find out if there is a relationship between alcohol abuse and gambling abuse among persons incarcerated for substance abuse. A random sample of 10 male inmates from Ruston Parish correction center is selected from the population of inmates serving time for substance abuse. Each man is tested on two major addiction scales, Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory and the Gambling addiction Index (GAI). Higher scores indicate greater addiction. The data are on blackboard under “Assignments” under the file name addiction data for SPSS assignment. Use SPSS to calculate the appropriate statistical test for the given data set. Write up your results as you would in a scientific, peer-reviewed journal. The write up should be in APA format and include, at least, the obtained value, the significance level, and the interpretation of the significance level.

ANOVA 

A researcher is interested in whether a significant trend exists regarding the popularity of certain work shifts among police officers in. A random sample of 16 uniformed officers was selected from a large metropolitan police force. The officers are asked to use a scale to score how much they liked working each shift (1-10 scale with higher numbers meaning they enjoyed working that shift more). 

The shift choices were the morning shift (1^st shift), the afternoon shift (2^nd shift), and the late night shift (3^rd shift). Further, the experimenter wanted to find out if time spent on the police force influenced scores. Hence, the researcher separated the officers into two groups: veterans and novices. The researchers question: is there a difference in shift preference, if so, which shift is preferred? Is there a difference between the veteran officers’ preference of shifts and the novice officers’ preference of shifts? The data are on blackboard under “Assignments” under the file name police data for SPSS assignment. Use SPSS to calculate the appropriate statistical test for the given data set. Write up your results as you would in a scientific, peer-reviewed journal. The write up should be in APA format and include, at least, the obtained value, the significance level, and the interpretation of the significance level.

Pay attention to the following instructions:

Directions: Read the following summaries and conduct the appropriate statistics using SPSS. Write up your results as you would in a peer-reviewed journal.